Education degrees and Education loan_02

The importance of these factors will become evident at various points in the booklet, for they both determine and explain similarities and differences. Very few policy formulations can be uniformly applicable to the whole of the Asian and Pacific region. It therefore becomes necessary to identify particular policies in education loan, student loans, education degrees, online degrees, online masters degree, online colleges, online university which are appropriate for particular sub-regions, countries, and even provinces or districts.




However, it is also possible to identify some overarching commonalities. For example, almost all societies face issues concerning the role of the state in education, education loan, student loans, education degrees, online degrees, online masters degree, online colleges, online university. Likewise, almost all societies face issues related to expansion of access, and to supply of and demand for highly trained personnel. In addition, all  societies  both  benefit  from  and  have  to  grapple  with  the  advances  in technology which, among other  effects, may change curricula and modes of delivery in education, education loan, student loans, education degrees, online degrees, online masters degree, online colleges, online university.  Also,  all societies  have to address  tensions  between well-established   institutions  and  the  new  structures  which  may  become necessary. One striking feature, particularly during the period since the early 1990s, has been the advance of capitalist modes of operation in almost all parts of the region.  This  has  been  especially   obvious  in  the  states   which  formally abandoned socialism, but has also been evident in most  of the states which officially  maintained  socialist  regimes. 

Moreover,  the  advance  of  capitalist modes of operation  has been  apparent  even  in  countries  which  have  long operated  capitalist  economies   but  which  have  had  government-protected education, education loan, student loans, education degrees, online degrees, online masters degree, online colleges, online university  systems.  The chief manifestation of  the  change  has  been  the advance of privatization in countries as different as India and Singapore. Scale and Nature of Existing Education ProvisionIn order to see what is currently being financed, and what future needs will be, it is necessary to chart the scale and nature of existing education provision, online colleges, online university. 

Table  2  shows  that  some  countries  are  far  from  achieving  universal primary education,  let alone  substantial  enrollment  rates in  secondary   and tertiary education, education degrees, online degrees, online masters degree, online colleges, online university. Most obvious in this category are Afghanistan, Pakistan.

Statistics on preprimary education, education degrees, online degrees, online masters degree, online colleges, online university are generally more scarce than those on primary, secondary, or tertiary education. This is partly because in many countries preprimary   education, education degrees, online degrees, online masters degree, online colleges, online university  is dominated by  the  private   sector,  and governments have incomplete data on the sector. In general, enrollment rates at the preprimary  level are low, though they are about  90 percent in Hong Kong, China, for example.  In that society, the  authorities  have insisted that preprimary education, education degrees, online degrees, online masters degree, online colleges, online university  is not an essential component of the education system. However, the majority of parents consider it essential, and primary schools in that society generally assume  that children have learned basic literacy  and numeracy in preprimary education, education degrees, online degrees, online masters degree, online colleges, online university.

Alongside   the   quantitative   patterns   indicated   by   the   statistics   on enrollment rates should be placed a commentary on qualitative variations. This is done in the booklet in this series on the quality of education (Chapman and Adams 2002), and need not be repeated. It is sufficient  here to note that in some  countries  expenditure  produces  education, education degrees, online degrees, online masters degree, online colleges, online university   with  good  quality  (albeit always with room for improvement), while in other countries quality is very low. The latter again indicates gaps that need more financing and/or more efficient use of existing resources.